Reimagining Digital Governance: E-Government Transformation in Accelerating Bureaucratic Reform in Mataram City
Keywords:
Digital Governance, E-Government, Bureaucratic ReformAbstract
This study aims to analyze the transformation of e-government in accelerating bureaucratic reform through the implementation of digital governance in Mataram City. This research is motivated by the demand for improving the quality of effective, transparent, accountable, and technology-based public services in the era of digital transformation. The implementation of e-government is seen as a strategic instrument in realizing modern governance that is able to increase the efficiency of public administration and strengthen public participation. However, the implementation of digital government in the regions still faces various challenges, such as limited system integration, human resource capacity, technological infrastructure, and community digital literacy. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, documentation, and literature studies related to the implementation of the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) in Mataram City. Data analysis uses the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of e-government in Mataram City has contributed significantly to the acceleration of bureaucratic reform by increasing the efficiency of public services, information transparency, bureaucratic accountability, and the effectiveness of government administration. Digital transformation is realized through online-based population administration services, a digital licensing system, a public complaints application, and the integration of government information systems. This study concludes that strengthening digital governance through digital system integration, human resource capacity development, improving information technology infrastructure, and strengthening literacy and public participation are crucial factors in realizing sustainable digital bureaucratic reform in Mataram City
References
Aiqing WANG. (2025). The Feasibility of Decentralized Social Governance: Can DAO Replace Traditional Government Organizations? In Digital Society & Virtual Governance (Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 33–51). Creative Publishing Co., Limited. https://doi.org/10.6914/dsvg.010103
Alberio, M., & Belingardi, C. (2025). A School as a Common: How Community Participation Can Improve a Public Service and Transform It Into a Common. In Research in Urban Sociology (Vol. 17, Issue 1, pp. 107–123). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1047-004220250000019007
Arman, A., Junaidin, J., & Haeril, H. (2024). The Performance Achievement of Bureaucratic Reform in Bima Regency: A Perspective of Public Administration. Journal of Governance and Local Politics (JGLP), 6(2), 187–203. https://doi.org/10.47650/jglp.v6i2.1550
Arwanto, A., & Anggraini, W. (2022). Good Governance, International Organization and Policy Transfer: A Case of Indonesian Bureaucratic Reform Policy. In JKAP (Jurnal Kebijakan dan Administrasi Publik) (Vol. 26, Issue 1, p. 33). Universitas Gadjah Mada. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkap.68703
Badawi, H. (2025). The Crucible of American AI Governance: Navigating Democracy’s Digital Transformation. In International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Governance and Human Rights (Vol. 1, Issue 1). Inderscience Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijaighr.2025.10074799
Balaji, K. (2025). E-government and e-governance: Driving digital transformation in public administration. In Public Governance Practices in the Age of AI (pp. 23–44). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9286-7.ch002
Bhalekar, S., & Tiwary, A. (2025). Digital Society with Smart Governance. In The Blueprint for AI Adoption and Societal Transformation (pp. 175–198). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003626503-10
Charalabidis, Y., & Lachana, Z. (2020). Towards a science base for digital governance. In ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (pp. 383–389). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3396956.3400062
Chung, C. (2020). From electronic government to digital governance. In Developing Digital Governance (pp. 3–20). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429054426-2
Contini, F. (2025). Judicial Evolutions: From Paper to Digital Working Environment in the Italian Administration of Justice. In Digital Transformation and Governance in the Judiciary (pp. 39–53). Instituto Jurídico da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Coimbra. https://doi.org/10.47907/digitaltransformationandgovernance/02
Crusoe, J., Magnusson, J., & Eklund, J. (2024). Digital transformation decoupling: The impact of willful ignorance on public sector digital transformation. In Government Information Quarterly (Vol. 41, Issue 3, p. 101958). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2024.101958
Danar, O. R. (2024). Digital transformation of Indonesian administration and bureaucratic system. International Journal of Electronic Governance, 16(2), 152–171. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEG.2024.140789
Djatmiko, G. H., Sinaga, O., & Pawirosumarto, S. (2025a). Digital Transformation and Social Inclusion in Public Services: A Qualitative Analysis of E-Government Adoption for Marginalized Communities in Sustainable Governance. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 17, Issue 7, p. 2908). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17072908
Djatmiko, G. H., Sinaga, O., & Pawirosumarto, S. (2025b). Digital Transformation and Social Inclusion in Public Services: A Qualitative Analysis of E-Government Adoption for Marginalized Communities in Sustainable Governance. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 17, Issue 7). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17072908
Eom, S. J., & Lee, J. (2022). Digital government transformation in turbulent times: Responses, challenges, and future direction. Government Information Quarterly, 39(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2022.101690
Erkut, B. (2020). From digital government to digital governance: Are we there yet? In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 12, Issue 3, p. 860). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12030860
Hallencreutz, J., & Westin, L. (2025). Digital transformation and governance from the customer’s perspective. In Leading Digital Transformation: Management, Governance and Control (pp. 223–234). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003540472-18
Hamsyah, A. (2023). Bureaucratic Reform Based on E-Procurement: Opportunities and Challenges. In KnE Social Sciences. Knowledge E DMCC. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i17.14101
Hansen, C. W., Rippingale, J., Transue, T., Court, P., & Gorman, J. (2023). Orange Button: Accelerating the Digital Transformation of Distributed Energy. In Conference Record of the IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (pp. 1–3). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48320.2023.10359671
He, L. (2025). the Construction of Digital Governance Ecosystem Model for Digital Transformation of Vocational Education. In World Journal of Educational Studies (Vol. 3, Issue 4, pp. 17–24). Upubscience Publisher. https://doi.org/10.61784/wjes3063
Hudrea, A., & Spoaller, D. (2025). Navigating the Digital Wave: A Case Study of Babes-Bolyai University’s Digital Transformation in the COVID-19 Era. In Governance and Public Management: Vol. Part F355 (pp. 187–218). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-81425-9_9
Humayun, M., Jhanjhi, N. Z., Alamri, M. Z., & Khan, A. (2019). Smart cities and digital governance. In Employing Recent Technologies for Improved Digital Governance (pp. 87–106). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1851-9.ch005
Jimenez-Gomez, C. E., Shrinivass, A. ., & Garfinkel, S. (2025). ACM TechBrief: Government Digital Transformation. In ACM TechBrief: Government Digital Transformation. ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3769690
Kalema, N. L. (2024). The ‘Digital Transformation for Development’ Anti-Politics Machine: A Case Study on Global Digital Development Governance and Public-Sector Digital Transformation in Uganda. Policy and Internet, 16(4), 750–763. https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.436
Kalesnikaite, V., Neshkova, M. I., & Ganapati, S. (2023). Parsing the impact of E-government on bureaucratic corruption. In Governance (Vol. 36, Issue 3, pp. 827–842). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12707
Kanabar, M., McDonald, J., & Parikh, P. (2022). Grid Innovations and Digital Transformation: Grid Innovations and Digital Transformation of Power Substations Are Accelerating the Energy Transition for Global Utilities. In IEEE Power and Energy Magazine (Vol. 20, Issue 2, pp. 83–95). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/MPE.2022.3153784
Kanwer, B., Sethi, S., Ammal, K. E., Khan, M. S. B., Saxena, K., & Shavkatov, N. (2026). A Holistic Model for Digital Resilience: Bridging Cybersecurity, Governance, and Risk Management. In Building Resilient Digital Ecosystems: Security, Governance, and Transformation (pp. 57–90). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-9968-3.ch003
Keller, J. (2020). Lost in Transformation: Place-Based Projects in the EU’s Multi-Level System. In Local and Urban Governance: Vol. Part F12 (pp. 195–216). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52516-3_10
Khan, A., Jhanjhi, N. Z., Humayun, M., & Ahmad, M. (2019). The role of IoT in digital governance. In Employing Recent Technologies for Improved Digital Governance (pp. 128–150). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1851-9.ch007
Kharlamov, A. A., Raskhodchikov, A. N., & Pilgun, M. (2021). Smart city data sensing during covid‐19: Public reaction to accelerating digital transformation. In Sensors (Vol. 21, Issue 12, p. 3965). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21123965
Krishna Pasupuleti, M. (2024). Blockchain for Transparent Governance: Securing Public Services in the Digital Era. In Blockchain in Government: Tools for Transparent Governance and Secure Public Services (pp. 146–173). National Education Services. https://doi.org/10.62311/nesx/905704
Kurniawan, C., Pribadi, U., & Iqbal, M. (2023). the Role of E-Governance in Improving Local Governments Performance (Case Study: Sumbawa Regency). Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 11(3), 1139–1154. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v11i3.795
Kurniawan, C., & Suswanta, S. (2022). Implementation of Artificial Intelligence by the Government of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) in Disaster Management. International Conference on Public Organization (ICONPO 2021), 209(Iconpo 2021), 39–44.
Lee, J. S. (2025). Intersecting digital governance and data science: Preparing for communication to strengthen citizen-government partnerships. In Handbook on Governance and Data Science (pp. 265–281). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035301348.00022
Lestanata, Y., & Kurniawan, C. (2025). Innovative Governance Strategy : Improving Community Welfare Through Regional Mutual Cooperation Empowerment Programs. Journal of Governance and Spatial Planning, 1(2025), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18598493
Li, K. (2025). Editorial: Integrating large language models and operations research for digital transformation and societal governance. In Digital Transformation and Society (Vol. 4, Issue 4, pp. 385–387). Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTS-11-2025-242
Liva, G., Codagnone, C., Misuraca, G., Gineikyte, V., & Barcevicius, E. (2020). Exploring digital government transformation: A literature review. In ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (pp. 502–509). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3428502.3428578
Lynn, T., Rosati, P., Conway, E., Curran, D., Fox, G., & O’Gorman, C. (2022). Digital Towns. In Digital Towns. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91247-5
Maarif, S. (2026). Digital Asset Enforcement Reform in Indonesia: A Polycentric Governance Approach. In Yustisia (Vol. 15, Issue 1, pp. 1–20). Universitas Sebelas Maret. https://doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v15i1.110549
Mabrur, A., Iskandar, I., & Suprayitno, S. (2025). Bureaucratic Reform: Bridging Financial Conditions, Report Quality, Accountability, and Internal Control for Enhanced Government Performance. In Proceedings of the 1st Public Sector International Conference, PSIC 2024, 11-12 September 2024, Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. EAI. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.11-9-2024.2354432
Marx, E. W., & Padmanabhan, P. (2020). How the Covid-19 Pandemic Reshaped Healthcare with Technology. In Healthcare Digital Transformation (pp. 1–38). Productivity Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003035695-1
Meyerhoff Nielsen, M., & Jordanoski, Z. (2020). Digital transformation, governance and coordination models: A comparative study of Australia, Denmark and the Republic of Korea. In ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (pp. 285–293). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3396956.3396987
Milakovich, M. E. (2021). The Transition from Electronic Government to Smart Digital Governance. In Digital Governance (pp. 26–54). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003215875-2
Morgan, G., & Feldmann, M. (2026). Populism, business and the transformation of network governance. In Elgar Encyclopedia of Business and Government (pp. 224–230). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035307784.00044
Morris, T., Mossberger, K., & Parkhurst, N. D. (2021). Digital governance in Indian Country. In Research Handbook on E-Government (pp. 114–128). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781786437259.00014
Newman, J., Mintrom, M., & O’Neill, D. (2022). Digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and bureaucratic transformation. In Futures (Vol. 136, p. 102886). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2021.102886
OECD. (2020). Digital Government Index. In OECD Public Governance Policy Papers (Issue 3, p. 69). Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). https://doi.org/10.1787/4de9f5bb-en
OECD. (2021). The E-Leaders Handbook on the Governance of Digital Government. In OECD Digital Government Studies. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/ac7f2531-en
OECD. (2023). 2023 OECD Digital Government Index. In OECD Public Governance Policy Papers. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). https://doi.org/10.1787/1a89ed5e-en
Oktavia, L. (2020). Penilaian Penerimaan E-Government Di Indonesia. In Jurnal CoreIT: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Ilmu Komputer dan Teknologi Informasi (Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 15). scholar.archive.org. https://doi.org/10.24014/coreit.v6i1.9143
Parab, D. (2026). Government AI Policy Initiatives for Digital Forensics and Cyber Security in India: A Governance Perspective towards Viksit Bharat 2047. In International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) (pp. 310–315). International Journal of Science and Research. https://doi.org/10.21275/sc26211105216
Pasaribu, J. (2022). Study of the Impact of Electronic Administration Policy Implementation and The Use of Artificial Intelligence on Bureaucratic Transformation in the Local Government Environment. In Atestasi : Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi (Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 887–903). Universitas Muslim Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.57178/atestasi.v5i2.956
Pathak, J. N., Ghorui, P. K., & Goyal, R. K. (2025). Accelerating Digital Transformation at JSW Steel Ltd. (Jindal Knowledge Centre) With Rapid Dspace. In Role of Library Resources for Higher Education in the Digital Era (pp. 1–18). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-3005-1.ch001
Pedro, R. (2025). Algoritmos Digitais: Uso Público, Transparência e Litigância. In Digital Transformation and Governance in the Judiciary (pp. 149–167). Instituto Jurídico da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Coimbra. https://doi.org/10.47907/digitaltransformationandgovernance/07
Peeters, R. (2023). Digital Administrative Burdens: An Agenda for Analyzing the Citizen Experience of Digital Bureaucratic Encounters. In Perspectives on Public Management and Governance (Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 7–13). Oxford University Press (OUP). https://doi.org/10.1093/ppmgov/gvac024
Piotrowski, S. J., Berliner, D., & Ingrams, A. (2022). The Power of Partnership in Open Government. In The Power of Partnership in Open Government. The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/13984.001.0001
Polyando, P. (2022). Management Transformation of Local Government In The New Normal Era. In Journal of Governance (Vol. 7, Issue 1). Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa (ASCEE). https://doi.org/10.31506/jog.v6i3.13869
Purnomo, A. S., Nurkumalawati, I., Wiraputra, A. R., Bawono, S. K., Sohirin, Aji, K. P., & Ryanindityo, M. (2024). How the role of digital leadership and public service reform on bureaucratic revitalization? An empirical study of e-government implementation. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i8.6746
Qian, J. (2025). Regulating Cross-Border Data Flow. In Governing China’s Digital Transformation (pp. 103–126). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003347088-6
Rasool, A. (2023). Sabotage: Lessons in Bureaucratic Governance from Pakistan, Taiwan, and Turkey. In Sabotage: Lessons in Bureaucratic Governance from Pakistan, Taiwan, and Turkey. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978729506
Razzak, M. R., Al-Riyami, S., & Palalic, R. (2022). Organizational Meta Capabilities in the Digital Transformation Era. In Foresight and STI Governance (Vol. 16, Issue 4, pp. 24–31). National Research University, Higher School of Economics (HSE). https://doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2022.4.24.31
Sankar, D. A. (2026). The Effectiveness of Corporate Governance Initiatives Based on Digital Transformation. In SSRN Electronic Journal. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6554861
Saputra, R. A., Suprapto, & Rachmadi, A. (2018). Penilaian Kualitas Layanan E-Government Dengan Pendekatan Dimensi EGovqual dan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) (Studi Kasus Pada Pemerintah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat). Jurnal Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi Dan Ilmu Komputer, 2(5), 1794–1802.
Saxena, D. R. K., & Saxena, M. M. (2025). Analyzing The Role of Data Governance In Digital Transformation. In Digital Transformation in Business: Integrating Technology with Management and Commerce (pp. 92–102). Book Rivers. https://doi.org/10.64267/97893688465677
Shenkoya, T. (2023). Can digital transformation improve transparency and accountability of public governance in Nigeria? In Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy (Vol. 17, Issue 1, pp. 54–71). Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-08-2022-0115
Siphugu, S., & Moloi, T. (2024). Digital Transformation in Areas Administered by Traditional Authorities. In Professional Practice in Governance and Public Organizations (pp. 39–48). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52403-5_4
Snedaker, S. T. (2023). IT and Data Governance Assessment. In Renovating Healthcare IT (pp. 203–214). Productivity Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003377023-20
Tan, S. Y., & Taeihagh, A. (2021). Adaptive governance of autonomous vehicles: Accelerating the adoption of disruptive technologies in Singapore. In Government Information Quarterly (Vol. 38, Issue 2, p. 101546). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2020.101546
Tulle, O. E., Nope, H. A., Kase, D. A., & Pradana, I. P. Y. (2026). Bureaucratic Reform and Relational Bias in the Transfer of Civil Servants: Evidence from Timor Tengah Selatan Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. In Journal of Political and Governance Studies (Vol. 2, Issue 1, pp. 59–72). Catalystindo Publisher. https://doi.org/10.64670/jpgs.v2i1.57
Ubaldi, B. (2020). The OECD Digital Government Policy Framework: Six dimensions of a Digital Government. In Public Governance Policy Papers (Issue 02, pp. 1–40). Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). https://doi.org/10.1787/f64fed2a-en
Urs, N., & Nisioi, I. (2025). Digital Transformation Challenges in Romanian Cities: It’s Not About Technology. In Governance and Public Management: Vol. Part F355 (pp. 107–128). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-81425-9_6
Viana, A. C. A. (2021). Transformação digital na Administração Pública: do Governo Eletrônico ao Governo Digital. In International Journal of Digital Law (Vol. 2, Issue 1, pp. 29–46). International Journal of Digital Law. https://doi.org/10.47975/ijdl/1viana
Wang, C. (2024). Digital Transformation, Internal Governance and Green Total Factor Productivity. In 12th International Symposium on Project Management, ISPM 2024 (Vol. 1, pp. 261–267). Aussino Academic Publishing House (AAPH). https://doi.org/10.52202/076061-0035
Widayat, R. M., Aji, J. S., & Kurniawan, C. (2023). A Systematic Review of Social Media and Government in the Social Science Discipline. Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy, 4(1), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.46507/jcgpp.v4i1.100
Wong, W., Wong, N. W. M., & Hinnant, C. C. (2024). Adoption without Transformation: AI and Digital Transformation in China and Taiwan. In ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (pp. 807–814). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3657054.3657147
Yamamoto, R., & Iversen, K. E. (2024). The unlikely successful advancement of Japan’s e-government under Suga. Social Science Japan Journal, 27(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyad020
Yohanes, Yulius, Al Qadrie, S. R. F., Elyta, Olifiani, L. P., & Kurniawan, C. (2023). E-Service in government sector: To what extent has NTB.care affected as a smart citizen reporting site for raising government performance. E3S Web of Conferences, 440, 04010. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344004010
Yucebas, E. (2021). The Transformation of the Public Administration in the Multi-Level Governance Era. In Research Anthology on Digital Transformation, Organizational Change, and the Impact of Remote Work (pp. 866–885). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7297-9.ch043
Zhang, X., & Cao, P. (2026). Common Ownership and Enterprise Digital Transformation: Institutional Synergy and Oversight Governance Perspectives. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 18, Issue 6). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18062915
Zhou, Q. (2022). Grassroots Governance by Local Government Clerks and Runners and Its Modern Transformation: Social Restructuring and Remolding of Social Order. In Official Governance and Self-governance (pp. 57–66). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6601-9_5
Zitri, I., & Kurniawan, C. (2025). Moving Public Opinion by Politicians : Action Study # AyoMoveOn2024 Through Social Media X. January 2014, 13–21.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Ulfatul Akbar Jafar, Asfarony Hendra Nazwin, Cahyadi Kurniawan, Afriadin Afriadin, Fairus Sumaya

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


